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Effects of enriched thematic multi-sensory stimulation on BPSD in a Beach Room: A pilot study among nursing-home residents with dementia.
Verkaik, R., Heide, I. van der, Eerden, E. van, Spreeuwenberg, P., Scherder, E., Francke, A.L. Effects of enriched thematic multi-sensory stimulation on BPSD in a Beach Room: A pilot study among nursing-home residents with dementia. OBM Geriatrics: 2019, 3(4)
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Background
Studies conducted on the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions have indicated that sensory stimulation represents a promising approach to reduce the psychological and behavioral disturbances in people with dementia. Multi-sensory stimulation involves the simultaneous stimulation of multiple senses, through the use of various methods, for example, by using a variety of lights, gentle stimulating music, aromas, and tactile objects, among others. A relatively novel approach is the enriched thematic multi-sensory stimulation, which involves the simultaneous stimulation of multiple senses using stimuli that are related to positive themes. The objective of the present pilot study was to explore the effects of enriched thematic multi-sensory stimulation on the behavioral and psychological symptoms in people with dementia (BPSD) among psychogeriatric nursinghome wards.
Methods
A pilot study designed as a randomized controlled trial was conducted with repeated measurements and two conditions:
(1) the experimental condition that involved enriched multi-sensory stimulation in a thematic Beach Room;
(2) the control condition that involved visits to the nursing home’s standard Grand Café room without enriched multisensory stimulation.
A total of 49 nursing-home residents, who were assigned randomly to one of the two conditions, participated in the present study three times a week for 30 min for a duration of 12 weeks. Outcomes were measured at three time points. The primary outcomes – depression, agitation, and apathy – were measured using the MDS-Depression Rating Scale and Cornell Scale for depression in dementia, the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory, and the Apathy Evaluation Scale, respectively. The secondary outcomes – sleep–wake patterns, observed behavior, and mood – were measured using the Actiwatch activity monitor, the INTERACT observation scale, and the FACE observation scale, respectively. Multi-level repeated-measures analyses were performed.
Results
A total of 49 nursing-home residents with dementia participated in the present study, among which, 35 residents completed the follow-up – 18 residents in the Beach Room and 17 in the Grand Café environment. Sleep improvement was observed among the residents who visited the Grand Café environment. These residents also exhibited fewer feelings of depression. No improvements in the selected primary and secondary outcome measures were observed among the residents who visited the Beach Room.
Conclusions
Enriched multi-sensory stimulation does not necessarily exhibit higher effectiveness in reducing psychological and behavioral symptoms among the nursing-home residents with dementia in comparison to stimulation within a less enriched environment. The present pilot study demonstrated that the control condition consisting of a Grand Café environment, which included extra daylight, exhibited higher effectiveness. Future research should attempt to unravel the elements and working mechanisms that provide effectiveness.
Studies conducted on the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions have indicated that sensory stimulation represents a promising approach to reduce the psychological and behavioral disturbances in people with dementia. Multi-sensory stimulation involves the simultaneous stimulation of multiple senses, through the use of various methods, for example, by using a variety of lights, gentle stimulating music, aromas, and tactile objects, among others. A relatively novel approach is the enriched thematic multi-sensory stimulation, which involves the simultaneous stimulation of multiple senses using stimuli that are related to positive themes. The objective of the present pilot study was to explore the effects of enriched thematic multi-sensory stimulation on the behavioral and psychological symptoms in people with dementia (BPSD) among psychogeriatric nursinghome wards.
Methods
A pilot study designed as a randomized controlled trial was conducted with repeated measurements and two conditions:
(1) the experimental condition that involved enriched multi-sensory stimulation in a thematic Beach Room;
(2) the control condition that involved visits to the nursing home’s standard Grand Café room without enriched multisensory stimulation.
A total of 49 nursing-home residents, who were assigned randomly to one of the two conditions, participated in the present study three times a week for 30 min for a duration of 12 weeks. Outcomes were measured at three time points. The primary outcomes – depression, agitation, and apathy – were measured using the MDS-Depression Rating Scale and Cornell Scale for depression in dementia, the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory, and the Apathy Evaluation Scale, respectively. The secondary outcomes – sleep–wake patterns, observed behavior, and mood – were measured using the Actiwatch activity monitor, the INTERACT observation scale, and the FACE observation scale, respectively. Multi-level repeated-measures analyses were performed.
Results
A total of 49 nursing-home residents with dementia participated in the present study, among which, 35 residents completed the follow-up – 18 residents in the Beach Room and 17 in the Grand Café environment. Sleep improvement was observed among the residents who visited the Grand Café environment. These residents also exhibited fewer feelings of depression. No improvements in the selected primary and secondary outcome measures were observed among the residents who visited the Beach Room.
Conclusions
Enriched multi-sensory stimulation does not necessarily exhibit higher effectiveness in reducing psychological and behavioral symptoms among the nursing-home residents with dementia in comparison to stimulation within a less enriched environment. The present pilot study demonstrated that the control condition consisting of a Grand Café environment, which included extra daylight, exhibited higher effectiveness. Future research should attempt to unravel the elements and working mechanisms that provide effectiveness.
Background
Studies conducted on the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions have indicated that sensory stimulation represents a promising approach to reduce the psychological and behavioral disturbances in people with dementia. Multi-sensory stimulation involves the simultaneous stimulation of multiple senses, through the use of various methods, for example, by using a variety of lights, gentle stimulating music, aromas, and tactile objects, among others. A relatively novel approach is the enriched thematic multi-sensory stimulation, which involves the simultaneous stimulation of multiple senses using stimuli that are related to positive themes. The objective of the present pilot study was to explore the effects of enriched thematic multi-sensory stimulation on the behavioral and psychological symptoms in people with dementia (BPSD) among psychogeriatric nursinghome wards.
Methods
A pilot study designed as a randomized controlled trial was conducted with repeated measurements and two conditions:
(1) the experimental condition that involved enriched multi-sensory stimulation in a thematic Beach Room;
(2) the control condition that involved visits to the nursing home’s standard Grand Café room without enriched multisensory stimulation.
A total of 49 nursing-home residents, who were assigned randomly to one of the two conditions, participated in the present study three times a week for 30 min for a duration of 12 weeks. Outcomes were measured at three time points. The primary outcomes – depression, agitation, and apathy – were measured using the MDS-Depression Rating Scale and Cornell Scale for depression in dementia, the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory, and the Apathy Evaluation Scale, respectively. The secondary outcomes – sleep–wake patterns, observed behavior, and mood – were measured using the Actiwatch activity monitor, the INTERACT observation scale, and the FACE observation scale, respectively. Multi-level repeated-measures analyses were performed.
Results
A total of 49 nursing-home residents with dementia participated in the present study, among which, 35 residents completed the follow-up – 18 residents in the Beach Room and 17 in the Grand Café environment. Sleep improvement was observed among the residents who visited the Grand Café environment. These residents also exhibited fewer feelings of depression. No improvements in the selected primary and secondary outcome measures were observed among the residents who visited the Beach Room.
Conclusions
Enriched multi-sensory stimulation does not necessarily exhibit higher effectiveness in reducing psychological and behavioral symptoms among the nursing-home residents with dementia in comparison to stimulation within a less enriched environment. The present pilot study demonstrated that the control condition consisting of a Grand Café environment, which included extra daylight, exhibited higher effectiveness. Future research should attempt to unravel the elements and working mechanisms that provide effectiveness.
Studies conducted on the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions have indicated that sensory stimulation represents a promising approach to reduce the psychological and behavioral disturbances in people with dementia. Multi-sensory stimulation involves the simultaneous stimulation of multiple senses, through the use of various methods, for example, by using a variety of lights, gentle stimulating music, aromas, and tactile objects, among others. A relatively novel approach is the enriched thematic multi-sensory stimulation, which involves the simultaneous stimulation of multiple senses using stimuli that are related to positive themes. The objective of the present pilot study was to explore the effects of enriched thematic multi-sensory stimulation on the behavioral and psychological symptoms in people with dementia (BPSD) among psychogeriatric nursinghome wards.
Methods
A pilot study designed as a randomized controlled trial was conducted with repeated measurements and two conditions:
(1) the experimental condition that involved enriched multi-sensory stimulation in a thematic Beach Room;
(2) the control condition that involved visits to the nursing home’s standard Grand Café room without enriched multisensory stimulation.
A total of 49 nursing-home residents, who were assigned randomly to one of the two conditions, participated in the present study three times a week for 30 min for a duration of 12 weeks. Outcomes were measured at three time points. The primary outcomes – depression, agitation, and apathy – were measured using the MDS-Depression Rating Scale and Cornell Scale for depression in dementia, the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory, and the Apathy Evaluation Scale, respectively. The secondary outcomes – sleep–wake patterns, observed behavior, and mood – were measured using the Actiwatch activity monitor, the INTERACT observation scale, and the FACE observation scale, respectively. Multi-level repeated-measures analyses were performed.
Results
A total of 49 nursing-home residents with dementia participated in the present study, among which, 35 residents completed the follow-up – 18 residents in the Beach Room and 17 in the Grand Café environment. Sleep improvement was observed among the residents who visited the Grand Café environment. These residents also exhibited fewer feelings of depression. No improvements in the selected primary and secondary outcome measures were observed among the residents who visited the Beach Room.
Conclusions
Enriched multi-sensory stimulation does not necessarily exhibit higher effectiveness in reducing psychological and behavioral symptoms among the nursing-home residents with dementia in comparison to stimulation within a less enriched environment. The present pilot study demonstrated that the control condition consisting of a Grand Café environment, which included extra daylight, exhibited higher effectiveness. Future research should attempt to unravel the elements and working mechanisms that provide effectiveness.
